I roto i te aroturukitanga taiao, te haumaru ahumahi, me te tātari taiwhanga,ngā papu hau moroitihe wāhanga nui ēnei i roto i ngā pūnaha tauira hau. I te tātaritanga o ngā hau waikura, ka pā tika te whiriwhiringa o ngā rauemi papu ki te tika o ngā hua tātaritanga me te roanga o te ora o ngā taputapu. Mā te whiriwhiri i te rauemi hē ka pā kino ki te kounga o ngā raraunga, ā, ka arahi pea kipapu hau iti dcte korenga.

Mā tēnei tuhinga ka kitea he aratohu mārama, whai hua hoki mō te whiriwhiri rauemi.

Mātāpono Matua: Arotahi ki ngā Wāhanga e Pā Ana ki te Hau

I roto i ngā papu moroiti, ko ngā wāhanga anake e pā tika ana ki te hau me whai whakaaro ki te ātete ki te waikura. E kiia ana ēnei he wāhanga "pito mākū" ā, ko te nuinga o ēnei ko:

1, Uhi/Papapu: E tautoko ana i te hanganga, ā, koia te wāhi whakapā nui rawa atu ki te hau.

2, Diaphragm: He kawenga mō te whakawhiti hau, me te hiahia kia pai te ngāwari me te ātete ki te ngenge.

3, Pereti Takirere/Takirere: Whakahaere i te ahunga o te rere o te hau, me tere te urupare me te hiri pai.

Ngā Rauemi Matua: Ngā Wāhanga "Wet End" — Kōwhiringa i waenga i ngā Kirihou me ngā Elastomers

Ko ngā wāhanga "pito mākū" he mea hanga nui mai i ngā rauemi pēnei i ngā kirihou mahi-teitei (e whakamahia ana mō ngā pane papu) me ngā elastomers mahi-teitei (e whakamahia ana mōngā diaphragm me ngā takirere). Kei raro nei, ka mārama tātou ki ngā āhuatanga o ēnei rauemi me te arotahi ki ngā wāhanga "pito mākū".

Ngā Rauemi o te Upoko Papu: Te Kaha Taurite me te Ātete ki te Waikura

Ingoa Rauemi	Whakarāpopototanga	Ngā Āhuatanga Matua me ngā Whakamahinga	Ngā Momo Hau e Tika ana
Te Pūhaumāota Polyphenylene	PPS	He pai te mahi whānui. He kaha ā-mīhini teitei, he ātete wera pai, ā, he whānui te manawanui ki ngā waikawa, ngā kawakore, me ngā whakarewa. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i te nuinga o ngā tātari hau para (SO₂, NOx).	Ngā waikawa ngoikore, ngā kawakore ngoikore, ngā whakarewa noa
Pūhauora Polyvinylidene	PVDF	He pai mō ngā matū whakahāora kaha. He ātete tino pai ki ngā hau whakahāora kaha pēnei i te Cl₂, O₃, me ngā waikawa kaha.	Ngā matū whakahāora kaha, ngā waikawa kaha
Polytetrafluoroethylene	PTFE	Kāore e mahi matū. Kāore e tauhohe ki tētahi matū. He pai mō ngā taiao e hiahia ana kia tino parakore, kia uaua rānei ngā hanganga hau.	Tata ki ngā matū katoa

Tohutohu Whaihua: Mena he nui te kukū o te chlorine, te ozone rānei kei roto i te hau, he mea pai kia whiriwhiria he upoko papu PVDF, PTFE rānei, me te karo i te PPS.

Ngā Rauemi Diaphragm/Varava: Te Taurite i te Ngāwari me te Pūmautanga

Me ngāwari ngā diaphragm me ngā takirere, ā, me te ātete hoki ki te waikura.

Ingoa Rauemi	Whakarāpopototanga	Ngā Āhuatanga Matua me ngā Whakamahinga	Te Utu me te Whakamahinga
Te Pūhaumāota Polyphenylene	EPDM	He iti ake te utu. He pai te ātete ki ngā waikawa, ngā kawakore, me te mamaoa wai. Heoi, he iti te ātete ki ngā hinu me te nuinga o ngā whakarewa waro (VOC).	He iti te utu, he pai mō ngā hau waikura tuku iho kāore he VOC.
Pūhauora Polyvinylidene	FKM	He maha ngā whakamahinga. He ātete pai ki ngā whakarewa waro, ngā hauwaiwai (VOC), me ngā waikawa kaha. He elastomer e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tātari ahumahi.	He utu taurite, he mahi pono, he pai mō te nuinga o ngā taiao ahumahi.
Polytetrafluoroethylene	FFKM	He ātete pai rawa atu ki te waikura. He tata te mahi matū ki te PTFE me te pupuri tonu i te ngāwari o te rapa. He ātete ki te nuinga o ngā momo matū.	He tino nui te utu, ka whakamahia anake mō ngā tono tino uaua, tino hirahira ina kore e taea te whakakore.

Tohutohu Whaihua: Mena kei roto i te hau he warowaihā, he whakarewa rauropi rānei (VOC), kaua e whiriwhiri i te EPDM. Engari, whiriwhiria te FKM, te FFKM rānei.

Te Tukanga Whakatau e Toru-Taumata: Me pēhea te Kōwhiri Tika?

Ehara te whiriwhiri rauemi i te mea ko te whiriwhiri i te kōwhiringa tino utu nui, engari ko te whakataurite i te āhuatanga tūturu.

Hipanga 1: Tāutuhia te Hanganga me te Kukū o te Hau

Koinei te pūtake tino nui mō te whiriwhiri rauemi. Me mōhio koe ki te wāhanga tino waikura o te hau hei ine me tōna kukū mōrahi.

• Tauira Tuatahi: Hau paipa tuku iho (SO₂ iti te kukū, NOx): pane papu PPS + diaphragm/valves FKM.
• Tauira Tuarua: Te tātaritanga hauota i roto i ngā tipu hauota-kawa (Cl₂ kukū teitei): pane papu PVDF + diaphragm/valves FFKM.

Hipanga 2: Whakaarohia te Pānga o te Mahana

Ka tere ake te waikura i te pāmahana. Tērā pea ka tere te pakaru o tētahi rauemi e ātete ana ki te pāmahana rūma i ngā pāmahana teitei. Me tirotiro tonu i ngā tūtohi hototahi rauemi i runga i te pāmahana whakahaere tuturu.

Hipanga 3: Whakatauritehia te Utu me te Mōrearea

• Mōrearea Iti / Ngā Tono Auau: Kōwhiria te huinga PPS/FKM mō te ōwehenga utu-mahi pai rawa atu.
• Ngā Whakamahinga Mōrearea Nui / Ngā Whakamahinga Tino Hira: Kōwhiria te huinga PVDF/PTFE/FFKM. Ahakoa he nui ake te haumitanga tuatahi, he roa ake te ora ratonga me te pono o te tātaritanga, ā, he pai ake te ohanga mō te wā roa.

WhakamaumaharaI roto i te tātaritanga hau waikura, he mea nui te hototahitanga o ngā rauemi. Ehara i te mea ko te pakaru anake te hua o te rahunga rauemipapu hau itiengari tera pea kei roto anō hoki i tētahi puranga raraunga tātari hē.